WRITE A COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH

     

        Comparison paragraphs. A compare and or contrast paragraph is required if you are asked to examine similarities and/or differences. Compare focuses on similarities. Contrast focuses on differences.

THE WAYS TO WRITE COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH

Step 1 - Choose Your Subject

          Remember that your two subjects must be different, but still in the same ballpark, to create a meaningful compare-and-contrast essay. 

Step 2 - Brainstorm Similarities and Differences

          Make two lists: one list of similarities, and another of differences. If you are a visual person, a Venn diagram can facilitate this process. Simply create two overlapping circles, one for each of the topics that you are comparing. Traits that differ are noted separately, within those that they share are written in the overlapping space. This is a helpful visual aid, because it organizes similarities and differences clearly. All you have to do is glance at your Venn diagram to get a sense of the things that you could write about. If you prefer to focus on one subject at a time, jot your lists down on a blank sheet of paper and flip it over to the other side for the other subject. Remember to keep characteristics of the different subjects somewhat parallel. This will make it easier to structure a good argument.

Step 3 - Hone in on Your Main Argument

          A good compare-and-contrast essay goes beyond a simple listing of similarities and differences to make a meaningful statement about a larger topic. When you look at the lists you’ve made, what strikes you as significant? What do these similarities and differences say about the topic? That will be your main argument.

Step 4 - Decide on Your Organizational Structure

There are many possibilities for structuring a compare-and-contrast essay. You could write about one subject in detail, and then switch to the other.

Step 5 - Write an Outline

Craft an outline that fits the structure you have chosen. Traditionally, an essay consists of an introductory paragraph, three body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Consider including four body paragraphs instead to give balance to your two subjects.

Step 6 - Fill in Supporting Evidence

As you begin to write your essay, back up your assertions with evidence from research, reading, or personal experience.

Step 7 - Craft Your Essay with Strong Transitional Words

Transitional words give your essay a nice flow from one statement to the next. When comparing, use words like “both,” “likewise” and “similarly.” Words such as “nonetheless,” “on the other hand,” and “whereas” are ideal for forming a contrast.

Step 8 - Proofread and Revise Carefully

Once you have finished, read your essay several times to check spelling, grammar, and punctuation. Make use of spell check and grammar check tools in your word processing program. If possible, get a friend to cast a fresh pair of eyes on it to find mistakes you might have missed. We often have difficulty reading our own work objectively and can miss silly mistakes.

MODELS OF COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH with ESSAY

Introduction

In my essay, I compare and contrast love and hate. I find their similarities and their differences. My work is based on the norms of western society and the casually excepted implications of each emotion, such as how love is considered positive and hate is considered negative. In my essay, I compare and contrast the two emotions from a matter-of-fact and semi-technical perspective.

Similarities

Both hate and love are emotions and both are felt by humans though the exact nature of love or its many definitions means it is a difficult emotion to define. Love does seem to have a lot of definitions, whereas the word hate has numerous definitions but they are all centered on the same thing.

Both are powerful emotions

It is fair to say that love and hate are powerful emotions. They may lead a person to be euphoric or very sad, and can both encourage anger and extreme happiness. It is possible to hate someone so much that you like it, and it is possible to love someone so much that you secretly hate them.

Both are very good for very good artistic expression

There are many artists and creators that say their work came from their emotions of either love or hate. It seems that they are both good for creating inspiration and for helping a person maintain a concentrated effort so that their creative project is finished.

One may cause the other

It is possible for love to cause hate and hate to cause love. They are both conflicting emotions, but people may hate a person whilst actually falling in love, and one person may fall in love only to start eventually hating the person they purport to love.

Differences

There are numerous differences that both love and hate have, and there also appears to be a lot of mixing of emotions. It is possible to love and hate a person or something at the same time. A good example of this is a person that is cheated on that both loves and hates the person that cheated.

One is perceived as negative and the other positive

This is the biggest difference between both love and hate. Love is seen as a positive and constructive emotion, whereas hate is seen as a negative and destructive emotion.

One is tied to negative actions and one tied to positive actions

There are things such as loving/hateful acts and things born or love or hate. Both appear to be similar in that they are attached to action, but love is tied to positive actions and events, whereas hate is attached to negative actions and events.

Conclusion

There are quite a lot of differences when it comes to love and hate, and yet as emotions, they both seem to have a startling amount of similarities. The biggest reason for their differences seems to be based on the fact that they are two opposing emotions; however, it is possible for the two emotions to exist at one time and for both emotions to be seen as positive and negative.

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WRITE A ILLUSTRATION PARAGRAPH

 

  

        An illustration paragraph, or an illustrative paragraph is one written to illustrate a point with examples. It consists of a topic sentence followed by specific examples arranged in some order. Transition phrases such as "for example' or "for instance" and "another illustration is" are often used.

THE WAYS TO WRITE ILLUSTRATION PARAGRAPH

Step 1: Choose a topic. Think about something that bothers you, identify the main object, then write about it. There is a list of illustration essay topics below you may use for inspiration.

Step 2. Conduct some research. Even if you know chosen topic well, still check out the related latest news. You may find useful materials or change your perspective.

Step 3. Write an outline. Note the main points and ideas. Write down as many examples as possible, then pick the best options to illustrate. You will end up with an introduction, body paragraphs, and conclusion.

Step 4. Work on content. Turn your outline into a proper essay. Write a strong thesis. Sum up the same idea in conclusion. Explain the chosen example in each main paragraph.

Step 5. Proofread. Use plagiarism, free grammar check, never submit an essay that is not properly edited. Your idea is the core, but poor grammar, spelling, punctuation or cohesion spoil it.

Step 6. Final check. Read your final paper once again before submission. Make sure it is interesting for reading and answers questions you touch upon.

MODELS OF ILLUSTRATION PARAGRAPH

Smoking is not good. 

When you smoke, your health will be risk. You might be vulnerable to some cancers and lung complications. If you smoke, you will need to spend a lot of money. Supposed that a pack of cigarette cost one dollar, you may need to spend up to 33% of your GDP per capita. This is a huge amount of expense. Also, whenever you smoke, you will be a bad model for young people or children. They may think it is okay to smoke, which is wrong indeed. All in all, you should not smoke.

          

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WRITE A PROCESS PARAGRAPHS

          A process paragraph is a series of steps that explain how something happens. Or it explains how to make something. It can explain anything from the growth of a malignancy to parallel parking to baking sourdough bread. It gives tips for conquering insomnia or for removing nose hair. Because such explanations must be clear, the process paragraph must be written in chronological order, and it must include a topic sentence that clearly states the paragraph’s purpose. It must also include transition words and phrases—“first,” “next,” “finally,” for example—that connect each of the steps.

          There are two kinds of process paragraphs: a process explanation and a set of instructions. A process explanation explains a process without assuming that the reader will afterwards know how to carry out that process. A set of instructions gives the reader step-by-step guidance

THE WAYS TO WRITE PROCESS PARAGRAPH

          The three main steps in writing a process paragraph are as follows: write a topic sentence, write the body that includes the steps to complete the process, and write a conclusion.

THE MODELS OF PROCESS PARAGRAPH

Writing a Skit for English

          Follow these four steps to write a script for a performance in English class. First, get into a group of three or four students. Next, choose the vocabulary you want to use. Then write a conversation around the vocabulary you have chosen. Finally, have your teacher check the grammar. When you have finished, you will have an excellent short play that you can feel confident putting on in front of your classmates and teacher.

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WRITE A DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHS

   

          Descriptive paragraphs are often used to describe what a person looks and acts like. Read this example descriptive paragraph; notice how descriptive paragraphs are arranged by putting together all the sentences about the same thing.

• THE WAYS TO WRITE A DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPHS

1. Start your paragraph with a general topic sentence that introduces the person. 

          A succinct introduction sentence at the start of your paragraph will help catch the reader’s attention and shift their focus to the person you’re about to describe. Keep this first sentence clear and concise, focusing on one aspect of their appearance so you don’t overwhelm your reader with too much description right away. You can also split your topic sentence into 2 sentences for clarity and flow.

2. Focus on the most striking part of their appearance first.

          To hook your readers in even more, go straight from your general introduction to the most interesting or unusual part of the person’s appearance. Think of this as the thing that you notice first, or that makes the biggest impression on you when you first see it. If you’re writing a more creative piece, like a narrative, you can also use this as your introductory sentence. For example, you could write:

-    “I didn’t usually notice people’s skin, but Natasha’s glowed. It was almost alien. Night could be falling, or we could be sitting in a dark classroom, and I’d still see her out of the corner of my eye, faintly golden.”

-    “His arms looked too long for his body, and disproportionately muscular, like pale twin boa constrictors.”

3.  Focus on physical details that hint at the person’s personality. 

          By carefully choosing your descriptive words, your paragraph can paint a vivid picture of the person while giving the reader a sense of who they really are. Search for strong, resonant words that get across the point you want to make and create a tone that fits with the person.

Showing Personality through Physical Description:

-     Kindness or friendliness: “He had a tendency to slope his back and shoulders to smile right in my eyes.”

-     Rudeness: “He towered over everyone else in the room, staring over everyone’s heads as though looking for something more interesting.”

-     Ambition: “She walked with energy that seemed to start in her legs, striding purposefully, and went all the way up through her hair, which swept behind her in a smooth ponytail.”

4.  Fill in any last details to give a good general picture. 

          Make sure that your reader has a good sense for the most important parts of this person’s appearance. You want to at least touch on key aspects of their body and clothing, as well as their face, since these are the parts of the person that the reader will be most interested in.         Continue to use strong, descriptive words and challenge yourself to describe them in unique ways.

-     To describe a face, for example, you could write, “Her nose and her two front teeth were just slightly crooked. She was constantly pulling her long hair forward and throwing it back again, blinking her bangs out of her eyes like she had no idea how they’d gotten there.”

-     To describe someone’s body or clothing, you might write, “He was a big guy, but carried himself like he wanted to apologize for it. He hunched his shoulders and bent his neck over his phone, and wore gray clothes so he could blend into the walls.”

           Even the general details you’re describing should only be mentioned if they add insight into the person or character’s personality or impression. For example, if their eye color doesn’t hint at any deeper part of them, you don’t have to include it.

5. Use figurative language and strong adjectives throughout your paragraph. 

           Metaphors, similes, and striking, descriptive language will help you paint a picture of the person without losing the reader’s interest. You want to evoke the spirit and appearance of the person without getting too wordy, and strong, well-chosen language and phrases are the best way to do that. Challenge yourself to include a turn of phrase you’ve never heard before, or use a word in a new way to bring out new dimensions of your character or person.

Using Figurative Language

-     Simile: a comparison between two things using “like” or “as.”

Ex. “Her baby’s ears were as tiny and delicate as seashells.”

-     Metaphor: using a word or phrase with an object, action or person that it can’t literally apply to.

Ex. “In class, Mrs. Sherman was an actress. She flew around the room and boomed out each story we read, using different voices and facial expression for every character.”

6. End the paragraph with a resonant description or conclusion. 

          The end of your paragraph is the part that will stick in your reader’s mind. Try to make your last sentence the most interesting one, either with an unexpected final description or by summarizing the material in a unique, surprising way. You could say, for example:

-     “I’d known Lulu for years, but I’d never seen her wear a pair of shoes. In the summer, I’d watch the soles of her feet turn black and callused from the asphalt, which baked so hot under the sun it would let off waves of steam. It had to burn, but she just rose up on her tiptoes and laughed.”

-     “In spite of the loud voice, the confident set of his shoulders, and the easy smile, Henry was the saddest person I’d ever met.”

• MODELS OF A DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH

One Cool Watch

          Sandy’s watch is very fashionable. It is a windup watch. It ticks. It has a face with numbers and hands. There is a cute picture of a monkey on the face. It has a metal wristband. All these things are cool these days. 

          Sandy’s watch is very fashionable. It has a face with numbers and hands. It ticks. It has a metal wristband. There is a cute picture of a monkey on the face. All these things are cools these days.

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TRANSITIONAL SIGNALS

    Transition signal is defined as a bridge to link the ideas, it makes the idea hold together, the ideas that is going to convey cannot be accepted if there is no bridge which relates each idea to other, it shows that how important transition signal in building the ideas (Vincent: 1984).

    Transition signals are connecting words and phrases that link sentences and paragraphs together so that there are no abrupt jumps or breaks between your ideas. They also act like signposts that indicate to your reader when you are building up to some new idea or thought, or when you are trying to compare ideas or draw conclusions from preceding thoughts.

MODELS OR TYPES OF TRANSITIONAL SIGNAL

• The transition signals to indicate the signal time. They are:
  1.Immediately
  2.Thereafter
  3.Formerly
  4.Finally
  5.Meanwhile
  6.Previously
  7.Then
  8. Soon
  9. Since
  10. During
  11. At that time
  12. Before
  13. After
  14. Now
  15. Later
  16. Next
  17. Until
  18. Afterward
  19. At first, second, etc.
  
  
• The transition signals to contrast. They are :
  1. In contrast
  2. However
  3. Nevertheless
  4. In spite of
  5. Instead
  6. On the other hand
  7. Despite
  8. On the contrary
  9. Differing from
  
  
• The transition signals to indicate an additional idea they are:
  1. Also
  2. And
  3. As well
  4. In addition
  5. Moreover
  6. Besides
  7. Furthermore
  
  
• The transition signals to comparesignals used are:
  1. But
  2. Yet
  3. Still
  4. Similar to
  5. Like
  6. Where as
  

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WRITE A NARRATIVE PARAGRAPHS

    A narrative paragraph tells a story. Something happen first, second, third, etc. Of course, narrative paragraphs are use on fiction as a writer describes the unfolding the events, but they are also found when describing any actual sequence of activity. Narrative paragraphs are often used to describe what a person does over a period of time.

THE WAYS TO WRITE NARRATIVE PARAGRAPH

1. Plan to tell your narrative paragraph from the first or third person perspective
   
2. Use a consistent tense
3. create an engaging topic sentence
4. Present any major characters involved in the story
   
5. set the scene of the story
6. Plan to write a narrative paragraph of at least 9 sentences.

THE EXAMPLE OF NARRATIVE PARAGRAPH

        This past weekend I had the time of my life. First, Friday night, I had my best friend over and we made a delicious, mouth-watering pizza. After we ate, we had a friendly video game competition. On Saturday, my dad took us out on the boat. The weather was perfect and the water was warm. It was a great day to go for a swim. Later that night, we went to the movies. We saw an action packed thriller and ate a lot of popcorn. Finally, on Sunday, we rode our bikes all over town. By the end of the day, my legs were very tired. I only hope that next weekend can be as fun as this one.

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UNITY AND COHERENCE IN THE PARAGRAPH

    Paragraph unity is the most important characteristic of a good paragraph. It defines that all sentences in a paragraph should speak about one single idea or one main subject. That is, the topic sentence, the supporting details, and the concluding sentence should focus on only one idea. Further, paragraphs should also be coherent. Coherence demands that the ideas or sentences presented in a paragraph should flow smoothly from one to the other. Paragraphs should not only be well developed and united but also coherent.

    A paragraph is the basic unit of composition. It consists of a group of related sentences that develop one main idea. It has three main parts' an introduction, a body of the paragraph and a conclusion. In other words, it has a topic sentence, a few supporting sentences, and a concluding sentence.

 

1. Unity

        Unity in a paragraph means that the entire paragraph should focus on one single idea. The supporting details should be plain the main idea. The concluding sentence should end the paragraph with the same idea. Thus, a united paragraph presents a thought, supports it with adequate details and completes it with a conclusion.

The following are ways to find unity in paragraphs:

·         Develop a paragraph around a major idea. Express this idea in the topic sentence.

·         Make the relationship between the main idea of the paragraph and the thesis of the paper clear. Don’t assumethat the reader will “get it.” Spell it out for him/her.

·         Support the main idea of the paragraph with details.

·         Create separate paragraphs for those details that explore your topic from different perspectives.

·         Eliminate sentences that do not support the main idea. Alternately, you may revise the main idea to include those sentences.

 

 

2.        Coherence

            Coherence means establishing a relationship between the ideas presented in a paragraph. It brings about a rationale in the arrangement of the ideas !hich are introduced either in the chronological order or in the order of importance. Besides, transitions that compare, contrast, illustrate, add or show cause and efect build logical bridges. The ideas, thus expressed in the paragraph, flow smoothly from one to the other in a logical sequence. This helps the reader to understand the paragraph.

This order could be based onseveral factors:

·         Chronological sequence. Thisis useful for describing a sequence of events.

·         Modified chronology.Sometimes a major idea presented early in a paragraph can be supplemented with necessary background information.

·         Spatial position of different objects. This method is useful for description.

·       ‘Conversation’ between different experts. By moving between a series of key positions, a writer can establish a sense of dialogue and develop a complex argument.

·        Logical form of argument. Some form oflogical proof, like a syllogism, can serve as the basis for order

Model paragraph for unity and coherence

    (1) The human body is a wonderful piece of work that nature has created. (2) It is not beautiful like the body of a butterfly or peacock but it is shaped practically. (3) It can do many types of work which other animals cannot. (4) It is not strong like the body of a tiger. (5) But in place of physical strength it has a big and sharp brain. (6) By using this brain the human physique has been able to overcome many of its limitations. (7) By sitting in an aeroplane it flies faster than a kite, by riding a motorcycle it travels faster than a leopard, and by firing a machine gun it fights much better than a tiger. (8) In spite of all this, the human body suffers from many diseases because it has a weakness for habits such as smoking, drinking and overeating. (9) Then it is healthy the body can give great pleasure but then it is sick it can cause great pain. (10) The wise man would always keep his body it because a healthy mind can work only in a healthy body.

 

            The first sentence states the main idea of the paragraph and claims the superiority of the human body over the rest of the creation. It enables the reader to expect the following ideas in the paragraph that explain and illustrate the qualities and atributes of the human body.

            The second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh sentences compare, contrast, elucidate and justify the main idea or topic sentence. They establish the main theme with logical explanations and transitions. They create a graphic picture in the minds of the reader with suitable and appropriate language expressions. In brief, they develop the main idea of the paragraph.

            The eighth and the ninth sentences interpret and analyse the limitations of the human body and prove the strength of the topic sentence. They, further, lead the main idea into a concluding thought.

            Finally, the tenth sentence concludes with the idea that the human body should be well preserted for a proper functioning of the system and that a healthy mind can work only in a healthy body.

 

Thus the paragraph, The Human Body, is a united and coherent paragraph.

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